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CCBAR Newsletter – January-February, 2007

Editors:  Natalia Gavrilova and Stacy Tessler Lindau

CCBAR News

• The preliminary agenda for the 5th Annual Interdisciplinary Biomeasures Workshop (and first-ever international gathering) is now online.  Please visit CCBAR website at: http://biomarkers.uchicago.edu/Agenda-2007.html. Please contact Karl Mendoza: kmendoza@babies.bsd.uchicago.edu or 773-834-4832 for more information.

News From the Nature Journals, Science, BMJ and PNAS

Biomarkers trump behavior in mental illness diagnosis
Genes or proteins can better distinguish diseases with the same symptoms.

New syndrome reconciles theories of ageing

Longevity allele keeps you thinking

[Neuroscience] From the Cover: Sleep deprivation inhibits adult neurogenesis ...
Prolonged sleep deprivation is stressful and has been associated with adverse consequences for health and cognitive performance. Here, we show...

[Neuroscience] Identification of a biomarker for sleep drive in flies and humans
It is a common experience to sacrifice sleep to meet the demands of our 24-h society. Current estimates reveal that...

[Immunology] From the Cover: Delay of T cell senescence by caloric restrictio...
Caloric restriction (CR) has long been known to increase median and maximal lifespans and to decreases mortality and morbidity in...

Links Between Brain Genes, Evolution, and Co...
Last year, University of Chicago geneticist Bruce Lahn reported that he had uncovered genes that are still evolving in humans, and he suggested that they confer a brain-related boost (see main text). But some of his claims are running into heavy fire.

[Anthropology] Differential fitness costs of reproduction between the sexes
Natural selection does not necessarily favor maximal reproduction because reproduction imposes fitness costs, reducing parental survival, and offspring quality. Here,...

[Medical_Sciences] Childhood maltreatment predicts adult inflammation in a li...
Stress in early life has been associated with insufficient glucocorticoid signaling in adulthood, possibly affecting inflammation processes. Childhood maltreatment has...

The Neural Basis of Loss Aversion in Decision-Making Under Risk
Overlapping brain networks respond more to gambling losses than to gains, correlating with behavioral observations about risk aversion.

CELL SIGNALING: Mitochondrial Longevity Pathways
A cytosolic protein that translocates into the mitochondria may serve as an integration point for signaling pathways that control longevity and cell death.

Dimensions of Mind Perception
In a Web-based survey, people conclude that anything that has feelings (such as hunger or pride) and the ability to act (such as communicating or showing self-restraint) possesses a mind.


Biomarkers and Aging in the News Media

Fewer breast cancers linked to less hormone therapy
A sharp decline in new breast cancer cases in 2003 in the United States have come because millions of older women ceased hormone replacement therapy the previous year, researchers said on Thursday.
Low-protein diet might reduce cancer risk
Researchers studying a group of vegetarians who'd maintained a diet relatively low in protein and calories found that they had lower blood levels of several hormones and other substances that have been tied to certain cancers.
Study: Preschoolers too fat; Hispanics at highest risk
Read full story for latest details.
New Tool To Diagnose Alzheimer's
A newly identified imaging compound that shows how Alzheimer's disease ravages the brain could lead to better tools to diagnose the disease and better ways to evaluate new treatments, a new study shows.
Daughters linked to prostate risk
Men who father daughters, not sons, may be at greater risk of developing prostate cancer, say researchers.
Stored Calories May Raise Cancer Risk
It's not the calories you eat, it's the calories you don't burn off that increase cancer risk, a new study using mice suggests.
Folic acid boosts elderly brains
Folic acid supplements can improve the memory and brain power of ageing brains, research shows.
Growth Hormones Doubted As Aging Treatment
Human growth hormones appear to offer few benefits and significant health risks as an anti-aging treatment, a review of the research finds.
Study: Gene Could Be Signal Of Alzheimer's
A huge international study has identified a gene that apparently can raise the risk of developing the most common form of Alzheimer's disease. By shedding light on the biology of the illness, the discovery could help scientists find new treatments.
Are you a giver? Brain scan tells the truth
Altruism, one of the most difficult human behaviors to define, can be detected in brain scans, U.S. researchers reported on Sunday.
Boomers' health mistakes can add up later
Even when boomers' behavior and choices lead to serious problems, their health may still not come first.
Hormones safer for younger women, experts advise
Read full story for latest details.
Antidepressants may raise bone risk
The most popular pills for depression might substantially raise the risk for bone breaks in older people, a drawback that should ...
Testosterone Use For Aging Questioned
A growing number of middle-aged and elderly men are using testosterone creams, gels and patches in an effort to feel young again, but there is little evidence the treatments are either effective or safe.
Mammograms Drop in Women 40 & Older
The CDC reports a drop in the percentage of U.S. women 40 and older getting mammograms to screen for breast cancer.
2nd Fracture Risk Same in Men as Women
Men who have had one osteoporosis-related fracture are just as likely as women to suffer a second one, new research shows.
Don't Go to Bed Lonely
Sleeping Alone Adds Stress to the Body and Brain
Study: Polluted air raises heart risks
The fine grit in polluted air boosts the risk of heart disease in older women much more powerfully than scientists realized, ...
Exercise May Not Up Knee Arthritis Risk
Moderate exercise doesn't increase the risk of developing arthritis in the knees of older adults, even if they are overweight, according to a study that evaluated more than 1,200 people.
Poll: Stress Squeezes 4 In 10 Americans
Four in 10 Americans often feel stressed, a Gallup poll shows.
Ward off cancer with bad breath
In laboratory studies, certain natural compounds in onions and garlic have demonstrated cancer protection. Now population studies published in recent months provide further evidence of the link between onions and garlic and a lower risk of cancer.
Older Moms, Healthy Families
At Any Age, Moms Still Have Much to Offer Their Kids


NIH Press Releases

Common Blood Pressure Drug Reduces Progressive Muscle Degeneration in Mice - ...
2 Feb 2007 at 9:50am
Scientists supported in part by the National Institutes of Health's National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) have found that that the commonly prescribed blood pressure medication losartan improves muscle regeneration and repair in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
Heart Disease Deaths in American Women Decline - February 1, 2007
2 Feb 2007 at 8:38am
New York. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health announced today that the number of heart disease deaths in American women is decreasing.

Damage to Specific Part of the Brain May Make Smokers 'Forget' to Smoke, Janu...
25 Jan 2007 at 2:15pm
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), "Damage to Specific Part of the Brain May Make Smokers 'Forget' to Smoke" January 25, 2007
Soaring Economic Costs from Depression a Global Issue, January 19, 2007
19 Jan 2007 at 12:34am
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), "Soaring Economic Costs from Depression a Global Issue" January 19, 2007
Older Americans Not Discussing Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use wit...
18 Jan 2007 at 9:00am
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), "Older Americans Not Discussing Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use with Doctors" January 18, 2007
Scientists Find New Genetic Clue to Cause of Alzheimer's Disease, January 14,...
16 Jan 2007 at 7:38am
National Institute on Aging (NIA) , "Scientists Find New Genetic Clue to Cause of Alzheimer?s Disease" January 14, 2007

NIH Announcements

Change in Standing Receipt Dates for NIH/AHRQ/NIOSH Beginning in January 2007
Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts
NIA Resources for Aging Studies in the Non-Human Primate Model
Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts
Announcement of Participation of NICHD on PA-07-205 – Research on the Economi...
Notice from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts
Human Genes and the Environment Research Training Program (T32)
Request for Applications from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts
Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Centers (OAICs) and Coordinatin...
Request for Applications from the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts
Improving Diet and Physical Activity Assessment (R01)
Research on the Economics of Diet, Activity, and Energy Balance (R01)
Research on Sleep and Sleep Disorders (R01)
Behavioral and Social Research on Disasters and Health (R01)
Functional Links between the Immune System, Brain Function and Behavior (R01)
Research on Mind-Body Interactions and Health (R01)
Social and Cultural Dimensions of Health (R01)

Events

2007 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America
at the Marriott Marquis, New York, NY, March 29-31, 2007

Friday March 30, 8:30-10:15. Session “Collection and Analysis of Biomarker and Genetic Data

2007 NICHD-NCES Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort (ECLS-B) First Release Conference to be held May 8th-10th in Bethesda, MD.

Summer Institute on Aging Research 2007
Aspen Wye River, Queenstown, Maryland, July 14-20, 2007
Applications due March 2, 2007

Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers:
How Can Specific Population Groups Help Us Identify/Validate Biomarkers for Presymptomatic Diagnosis and Drug Development?
June 7th - 8th, 2007, Marriott Wardman Park Hotel, Washington D.C.

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This Newsletter  is supported by a grant from the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (Grant No. 5 P30 AG012857)